Monday, April 28, 2025

On Display for AAPI Month and Preservation Week

This month, our Collection Spotlight item is pulling double-duty, and is highlighting both May’s designation as Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month (AAPI Month), and this week’s celebration of Preservation Week (April 27 through May 3). We are once again displaying the 1930 and 1931 editions of the Chinese Directory of New England, which was previously displayed in 2022. The directories help us to draw attention to the rising Chinese-American population in New England in the early 1900s, and this blog post also discusses the ways in which the library deploys preservation measures to ensure their stability for years to come. 

The 1930 directory was the first of its kind to be published in New England, and it was born out of a call from the growing Chinese-American community to have a resource that would list Chinese restaurants, stores, and laundries found within individual New England towns. Also found within the pages of both the 1930 and 1931 directory are advertisements, the bulk of which are for Chinese-owned businesses, but there are also a fair amount for non-Chinese owned businesses. This emphasizes that these business owners acknowledged the importance of New England’s Chinese residents as a vital part of the community and economy. And here at the State Library, we appreciate that the directory also includes an image of the State House, and find it fitting that a copy of the directory ended up in the collection here. Read more about these directories in our previous blog post


To ensure the long-term preservation of these directories – which are approaching their 100th birthday – we have displayed them open to different pages than they were three years ago. This decreases the amount of light damage to the directories, but it should also be noted that our Collection Spotlight case is designed to limit light and UV exposure, thus making it safe to display items. When these items are not on display, they are housed in dark storage in their own enclosures, to ensure that they do not get dusty. In addition to the directories, our display also includes a facsimile of two additional pages from 
the 1930 directory; the welcome letter from Governor Frank G. Allen along with his portrait. In this instance, the use of facsimiles allows us to display additional pages from the directories other than the ones they are open to, but sometimes, facsimiles serve as a preservation measure. Facsimiles, which are realistic copies, can be used instead of originals, both in display and for research purposes. If a display case does not have UV treated glass, than displaying a facsimile is a safe way to present the content and look of the original, while keeping the actual original safe from potential damage. And for researchers, in the event that the original is very fragile, then a facsimile or use copy can be provided, so that the researcher can access and handle the item without the threat of causing any damage.  

Preservation Week is an annual event, meant to raise awareness of the preservation work that happens in libraries and archives, as well as inspiring the public to think about the preservation of their own personal collections. The theme for Preservation Week 2025 is “Preserve the Past, Shape the Future,” a mission that we strive for at the State Library. Through our hands-on conservation program, our preservation management activities, and our commitment to digitization, we aim to do our part to preserve materials of the past, and make them accessible to researchers and the general public now and in the future. Since the last time that we displayed the Chinese directories, we are happy to share that they have been added to our digital repository. The directories in their entirety can be accessed here: 1930 and 1931. Links to the directories are also included as a QR code on the case label, so that visitors can access the full directory while viewing our display. There are multiple benefits of digitizing our collection; digitization helps to make our collection accessible to a larger remote audience, and from a preservation standpoint, also helps to maintain the integrity of the physical item because it decreases the use and handling of the physical item, thus also decreasing the likelihood of damage. Each year, we select materials from our Special Collections and Reference collection to either digitize on-site, or if it is a large-scale project, then we work with off-site vendors. We are continuously continuously increasing the amount of materials that are available in digital format.  

Visit us from April 29 through June 3 to see these items on display, and read more about AAPI Month here. And in honor of Preservation Week, you can also check out our two preservation focused Flickr pages for examples of work done in our lab and preservation tips you can use at home. Additional information about Preservation Week, along with some actions you can apply to your own collection, can be found on the official website.


Elizabeth Roscio
Preservation Librarian


Tuesday, April 22, 2025

Author Talk with Steven Beaucher


The State Library of Massachusetts Author Talks Series presents Steven Beaucher as our May speaker!

Please join us at noon in our historic reading room or tune in virtually; the event will be livestreamed on our YouTube channel courtesy of the Massachusetts House of Representatives Broadcast Services.

Be sure to sign up for our Author Talks newsletter and follow our social media channels (InstagramFacebook, and X) for the latest information on our visiting authors. If you are unable to attend, the recording will be posted to our YouTube channel to watch anytime - view all past recordings here!

About the book:
Boston in Transit is an illustrated history of Boston’s public transportation system. This beautiful book was the 2024 New England Society Book Award winner in the Art & Photography category. The book details the Commonwealth’s rich history of public transport starting in 1630 with the use of ferries to the evolution of the MBTA. The book includes photographs, pamphlets, examples of tickets and schedules, and more. Check out the book’s companion site which is just as visually appealing as the book!

About the author:
Steven Beaucher is the co-founder and proprietor of WardMaps LLC, dealing in antique maps and public transportation artifacts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Steven established and operates MBTAgifts, the licensed merchandise program of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Steven is a licensed architect, who, before focusing on WardMaps and the creation of Boston in Transit, practiced architecture throughout Greater Boston. He grew up in the Merrimack Valley, graduated from Syracuse University, and resides in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

As always, this author talk is free and open to all. Assisted listening devices will be made available upon request. If you are able to join us in person for this talk, attendees will be able to participate in a question-and-answer session with the author.

Any questions or concerns, please email us at AuthorTalks.StateLibrary@mass.gov.

For more information on the State Library Author talks series, please visit our site.


Author Talks Working Group

Thursday, April 17, 2025

Quack Quack! There are Mallards in the Library!

There are signs of spring in Boston, so it's a fitting time to feature the mallard in our Audubon case! This time of year, mallards return to their breeding grounds, pair up, nest, and then raise ducklings. Shown here are two pairs of males and females - males are distinguished by the green feathers on their heads, while females have brown. In the print, they are shown in a marshy habitat, but you are also likely to see friendly mallards in city parks! This was not the case in the 1830s, as Audubon wrote in his description that, "this valuable species is extremely rare in the wild state in the neighbourhood of Boston in Massachusetts; and in this assertion, I am supported by my talented and amiable friend Mr. Nuttall, who resided there for many years."


We wish that Audubon had thought to include some adorable ducklings in the print, too! To see those, you'll need to wander down to the Public Garden to see the Make Way for Ducklings sculpture, but be sure to stop in and visit us from April 15 through May 7 to see the Mallard Duck (plate 221) on display in our reading room.


Elizabeth Roscio
Preservation Librarian   

Monday, April 14, 2025

Ms. Coll. 179: Representative Josh S. Cutler Papers

Since I began working as processing archivist, the Special Collections Department has had a steady stream of new acquisitions from legislators. One of the first collections I had the pleasure of accessioning was former Representative Josh S. Cutler’s papers. Josh Cutler has been a great supporter of the State Library. We’ve had the pleasure of hosting him for two author talks, the most recent of which was just last week. What better time to feature a bit about his collection?

Ms. Coll. 179 documents Josh S. Cutler's years of work in the Massachusetts House (2012-2024). It reflects Cutler's role as a state legislator and in particular, his involvement in workforce development, disability employment, environmental policy, and the communities he represented in the 6th Plymouth District. Records include correspondence, photographs, campaign mailings, subcommittee reports, event materials, and digital files, arranged into six series. Much of Cutler’s outgoing correspondence is to his constituents in Duxbury, Hanson, and Pembroke regarding issues of concern to them.

Cutler was born January 22, 1971, in Duxbury, Massachusetts. He is a graduate of Skidmore College (B.A. in political science, 1994), Suffolk University Law School (Juris Doctor, 2001), and UMass-Dartmouth (M.A. in Environmental Policy, 2016). Cutler’s early career in public service includes the following: Board of Selectmen, Town of Hull, 1999-2002; Alternative Energy Committee, Town of Duxbury, 2007-2019; Planning Board, Town of Duxbury, 2009-2013; Pembroke Chamber of Commerce, Board of Directors, 2010-2013; Hanson Kiwanis, Board of Directors, 2012.

A December 2020 report from the Joint
Committee on Children, Families, and 
Persons with Disabilities from Culter's collection
Cutler served the Sixth Plymouth District from 2013 to 2024. His committee and caucus assignments while on the General Court included the following:
  • House Chair, Joint Committee on Labor and Workforce Development, 2021-2024
  • House Chair, Coastal Caucus, 2019-2024
  • House Chair, Future of Work Commission, 2021-2022
  • House Chair, Unemployment Insurance Trust Fund Study Commission, 2021-2022
  • Founder and co-chair, House Blockchain Technology Caucus, 2021-2024
  • Vice-Chair, Joint Committee on Children, Families & Persons with Disabilities, 2019-2020
  • Vice-Chair, Joint Committee on Community Development & Small Businesses, 2017-2018

Cutler was the author or lead sponsor of legislation including the Energy SAVE Act, the Disability Employment Tax Credit (DETC), the Wage Transparency Act, and the PANDAS/PANS law. He also led the creation of the Commission on Persons with Disabilities, the restoration of South Shore weekend commuter rail service, and the establishment of Right Whale Day in Massachusetts. These subjects and many others are represented in the collection.

Speaker Robert DeLeo, Rep. Cutler, and fellow legislators welcome
professional soccer player Samantha Mewis of Hanson, a member of the
World Cup winning U.S. Women’s National Team, February 2020.

In 2024, Cutler stepped down as Representative for the Sixth Plymouth District when he was appointed by Governor Maura Healey to serve as Undersecretary in the Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development. It was at this time he generously gifted his collection to the State Library so we could provide patrons access to his papers.

Cutler’s collection is open for research; reach out to us by email if you are interested in accessing this collection, or our many other legislators’ collections, for your own research.

Check out Josh Cutler’s State Library author talks on our YouTube Channel, linked below:


Alyssa Persson
Processing Archivist


Monday, April 7, 2025

Y2K: Crisis Averted

Many remember Y2K (or the year 2000 problem) as the disaster that never was. But Y2K was a real issue that the world faced, and the reason that we never experienced the predicted massive fallout was thanks to the efforts of many people behind the scenes. That includes information technologists and programmers in private businesses, the federal government, and here in Massachusetts’ government, too.

So, what was the issue that caused all this panic at the turn of the century? Programmers in the late 1900s were trying to be efficient. Since memory was expensive, programmers would format years with only two digits instead of four. So, the year 1999 would be represented as “99.” But as the year 2000 approached, more and more people realized that this discrepancy could cause issues with their computers. When the year 2000 came around and was inevitably notated as “00,” computers would assume it represented the year 1900. Though this may not seem like a big issue, many computer systems used dates to perform important calculations. The wrong date would lead to incorrect results, which could lead to computer crashes. And if those computers had important operating functions like, for example, monitoring nuclear plant operations, the failure of those computers could have huge consequences.

In 1998, the Massachusetts Department of the State Auditor released a report on the preparedness of Massachusetts to address Y2K. In that report, A. Joseph DeNucci, the State Auditor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, described the potential consequences of Y2K in Massachusetts:

“The dimensions of the year 2000 problem for the Commonwealth are enormous. Practically every single automated system and its related technology, regardless of size, is impacted. Given our heavy reliance on computer systems, their failure to operate properly could mean anything from minor inconveniences to major problems. Virtually all citizens and businesses in the Commonwealth would be affected should state systems supporting our ability to collect revenue, pay bills, provide benefits, and support health, safety, and educational services be adversely impacted by the year 2000 problem.” (Department of the State Auditor, 1998)

The Department of the State Auditor’s report surveyed the Commonwealth’s preparedness for Y2K in order to promote awareness of the issue and address areas of deficiencies. The survey found that many entities in the Commonwealth had not established adequate plans for Y2K preparation. By October 10, 1997, only 3% of agencies has plans for Y2K, 3% of agency systems were compliant with year 2000 preparedness, and a whopping 95% were not compliant and had no plans (Department of the State Auditor, 1998, p. 12). This lack of preparedness was largely due to the widespread confusion surrounding the event. Some weren’t aware of the potential consequences, some were holding out for an easy fix to be developed, some didn’t realize it was their responsibility to address the problem, and many were intimidated by the scale of the problem.


The report discusses measures that had already been taken to ensure Y2K compliance. The Commonwealth’s primary accounting system was retrofitted at a cost of $2 million and its personnel and payroll system cost $5 million to overhaul (Department of the State Auditor, 1998, p. 11). And, though the numbers were not precise when the report came out, cost estimates for the Commonwealth’s most important systems totaled between $50 and $70 million (Department of the State Auditor, 1998, p. 24). From these numbers, it is easy to sympathize with those who were intimidated by Y2K compliance.

To help raise awareness and support planning for Y2K issues, the Administration and Finance Department’s Information and Technology Division (ITD) stepped into a role of responsibility. At the time of the report, ITD had “established a Year 2000 Program Management Office, formed a state-wide year 2000 users group, hosted awareness programs, established a year 2000 web page, and conducted seminars and workshops to promote best practices for addressing year 2000 compliance” (Department of the State Auditor, 1998, p. 12).

Though this report is only the beginning of Massachusetts’ fight to prevent a Y2K disaster, it provides valuable and intriguing insight into the government processes that eventually saved us from widespread technical failure. If you want to learn more, there are many more government documents in our collection that go into further detail about how Massachusetts tackled the Y2K issue.


Emily Colson
Government Documents Intern


Sources:

Thursday, April 3, 2025

State Library Newsletter - April Issue

Our April newsletter is out now, and full of information about our upcoming events, exhibited items, and more. If you're looking to read about Lexington and Concord, the Boston Marathon, and our Digital Repository, then you're in the right place!

Pictured here is a preview, but the full issue can be accessed by clicking here. And you can also sign up for our mailing list to receive the newsletter straight to your inbox.